What is the difference between smooth muscle and skeletal muscle?

Smooth muscle and skeletal muscle serve different functions in the body, which is highlighted by their classification as involuntary and voluntary muscles, respectively. Smooth muscle is characterized by its lack of striations and is found in the walls of hollow organs such as the intestines and blood vessels. These muscles operate automatically without conscious control, regulating processes like digestion and blood flow. This involuntary nature is crucial for maintaining essential bodily functions that need to occur without conscious thought.

In contrast, skeletal muscle is striated and attached to the bones, allowing for voluntary movements of the body. These muscles are under direct control of the nervous system, enabling individuals to move intentionally, whether it be walking, running, or lifting objects. The ability to consciously regulate skeletal muscle activity is essential for athletic performance and everyday physical tasks.

Understanding that smooth muscle is involuntary while skeletal muscle is voluntary is fundamental in the study of human physiology, as it provides insight into how different muscle types contribute to various bodily functions and activities.